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What is the main function of plasmids in bacteria?
To provide genetic advantages, such as antibiotic resistance
Plasmids are small, circular pieces of DNA found in bacteria that exist independently of the chromosomal DNA. Their main function is to provide genetic advantages to bacteria, one of the most notable being antibiotic resistance. This means that if a bacterium acquires a plasmid carrying genes that confer resistance to a specific antibiotic, it can survive and proliferate in environments where that antibiotic is present. This ability to adapt rapidly gives bacteria a significant survival advantage, allowing them to thrive in changing environments and contributing to the phenomenon of antibiotic resistance seen in many clinical settings.
The other options pertain to different cellular processes or structures. Energy production through cellular respiration primarily occurs in the cell's membrane and cytoplasm, involving various pathways and not directly linked to the functions of plasmids. Flagella, which are used for movement, are structural appendages made of proteins and are not related to the functions of plasmids. Lastly, protein synthesis is carried out by ribosomes and involves messenger RNA, transfer RNA, and ribosomes, rather than plasmids. Therefore, the role of plasmids as carriers of extra genetic material, providing advantages like antibiotic resistance, is what makes this answer accurate.
Get further explanation with Examzify DeepDiveBetaTo produce energy through cellular respiration
To facilitate movement through flagella
To assist in protein synthesis